01.1 — Overview and Phrase Bank (Conversation Foundations)

Purpose

  • Learn how to start a short conversation, keep it going, and end it politely.
  • Learn simple “backchannel” words (short reactions that show you are listening).
  • Learn easy connectors (and, but, so) to make your ideas flow.

Outcomes (can-do)

  • I can start a chat and ask simple follow-up questions.
  • I can react while someone speaks (uh-huh, right, I see) and keep the talk friendly.
  • I can change topic gently and end the chat politely.

Enabling grammar and connectors (quick notes)

  • and joins similar ideas: I like coffee and tea.
  • but shows contrast: I like coffee, but I don’t like tea.
  • so shows result: I’m busy, so let’s meet tomorrow.
  • there is/there are: There is a café near here. There are two cafés on this street.
  • frequency adverbs (before the main verb; after be): I usually work till 5. She is often late.
  • like/love + -ing: I like cooking. He loves reading.

Phrase bank (use these as frames; replace with your idea)
Openers and check-ins

  • Hi/Hello! How are you? How’s it going?
  • Nice to meet you. I’m [Name].
  • Long time no see! How have you been?
  • How’s your day so far?
  • How’s the weather today?

Keeping it going (follow-ups and reactions)

  • Really? Oh, nice. That’s great.
  • Sounds good. I see. I get it.
  • How about you? What about your [weekend/job/hobby]?
  • Tell me more about that.
  • What do you usually do on [day/at the weekend]?

Backchannels (show you listen; keep them short)

  • Uh-huh. Right. Yeah. I see. Got it.
  • Mm-hmm. OK. Sure.

Small talk content frames (easy ideas to extend)

  • I usually [verb+ing]/[verb] on [day]: I usually cook on Sundays.
  • I like/love [noun/-ing]: I love hiking. I like jazz music.
  • There is/are [place/thing] near [place]: There is a park near my home.
  • My plan is to [verb]: My plan is to study English tonight.

Topic shift and ending politely

  • By the way, [new topic].
  • Speaking of [topic], [new idea].
  • It was nice talking to you. I have to go now.
  • Thanks for the chat. See you later/soon/tomorrow.
  • Take care. Talk to you later.

Softening words (sound friendly; use 1–2 in small talk)

  • maybe, a bit, just
    Examples
  • It’s a bit cold today.
  • I’m just relaxing this weekend.
  • Maybe we could get a coffee sometime.

Common L1 (Polish) pitfalls and fixes

  • How it looks? → What does it look like?
  • I have 25 years. → I am 25 (years old).
  • I very like… → I like … very much. / I really like …
  • On Monday morning I am meeting? → I’m meeting [Name] on Monday morning.
  • Too direct “What?” → Use “Sorry?” or “Could you repeat that?”

Self-check (yes/no)

  • I can start a chat with a greeting and one follow-up question.
  • I can add short reactions while the other person speaks.
  • I can close the chat politely.

Study time

  • About 90–120 minutes total for all five topics in this module.

Polish support (key phrases EN→PL)

  • Nice to meet you. I’m [Name]. → Miło cię poznać. Jestem [Imię].
  • How’s it going? → Jak leci?
  • Sounds good. → Brzmi dobrze.
  • How about you? → A u ciebie?
  • Tell me more about that. → Powiedz mi o tym więcej.
  • I usually [verb] on [day]. → Zazwyczaj [czasownik] w [dzień].
  • I like/love [noun/-ing]. → Lubię/uwielbiam [rzeczownik/-ing].
  • There is/are [place/thing] near [place]. → Jest/Są [miejsce/rzecz] w pobliżu [miejsca].
  • By the way, … → A tak przy okazji, …
  • It was nice talking to you. → Miło się rozmawiało.
  • Take care. → Trzymaj się.